Jennifer Bohnhoff
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A Rendevous with Death

9/16/2021

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Alan Seeger was born in New York City, the son of a businessman with connections to Mexico's sugar refining industry. He and his two siblings grew up in a wealthy and cultured home in Staten Island. He attended the Staten Island Academy and then the Horace Mann School in Manhattan until the family moved to Mexico city when he was 12. Alan returned to New York in 1902 so that he could attend the Hackley School, in Tarrytown. He then went on to Harvard University, where he came under the influence of the Romantic poets. 

 After graduating in 1910., Seeger moved to  New York City's Greenwich Village, where he attempted to live a bohemian life, writing poetry and sleeping on the couch of his classmate, the revolutionary, John Reed. After two years, Seeger moved to Paris, France. When World War I began in 1914, Seeger enlisted in the French Foreign Legion.

Seeger's war-time letters talk of crowded quarters, filth, cold and misery. None of this made its way into his poetry, which demonstrates a romantic and fatalistic streak. 

Alan Seeger died of a shot to the stomach during the attack on Belloy-en-Santerreon on July 4th, 1916. The French military awarded him the Croix de Guerre and the Médaille militaire posthumously. He was buried in a mass grave.

Seeger’s collected Poems were published in 1917 to mixed reviews. Critics often criticize his verses as impersonal, conventional, and idealized, but, like his English contemporary Rubert Brooke, Seeger hadn't matured as an artist. James Hart in the Dictionary of Literary Biography explained, “He needed more time to move from a stock and outmoded romanticism to a more distinctive and original style, from a style full of abstractions to one more concrete and personal.” Given more time, he might have become an American version of Wilfred Owen or Siegfried Sassoon.​

I Have a Rendevous with Death

​I have a rendezvous with Death
At some disputed barricade,
When Spring comes back with rustling shade
And apple-blossoms fill the air--
I have a rendezvous with Death
When Spring brings back blue days and fair.

It may be he shall take my hand
And lead me into his dark land
And close my eyes and quench my breath--
It may be I shall pass him still.
I have a rendezvous with Death
On some scarred slope of battered hill,
When Spring comes round again this year
And the first meadow-flowers appear.

God knows 'twere better to be deep
Pillowed in silk and scented down,
Where Love throbs out in blissful sleep,
Pulse nigh to pulse, and breath to breath,
Where hushed awakenings are dear ...
But I've a rendezvous with Death
At midnight in some flaming town,
When Spring trips north again this year,
And I to my pledged word am true,
I shall not fail that rendezvous.

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Jennifer Bohnhoff is a former history teacher who now writes full time. Her next novel, A Blaze of Poppies: A Novel About New Mexico and World War I, is due out on October 22, 2021.

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The Americans who Lie in Flanders Field

9/5/2021

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Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial is the only World War I American cemetery on Belgian soil. It is located on the southeast edge of the town of Waregem and honors 411 American servicemen, some of whose bodies are unidentified and others whose bodies are unrecovered.

The memorial was designed by architect Paul Cret, who
ennobled the site with art deco and lots of quiet, garden-like areas that make it a deeply moving place.
PictureLieutenant Kenneth MaCleish
One of the men interred in this cemetery is Kenneth MaCleish, the brother of American poet Archibald MaCleish, who lived into the 1980s and produced a massive and impressive body of work. Here is one of his poems to think on: 

Liberty
​
When liberty is headlong girl
And runs her roads and wends her ways
Liberty will shriek and whirl
Her showery torch to see it blaze.

When liberty is wedded wife
And keeps the barn and counts the byre
Liberty amends her life.
She drowns her torch for fear of fire.


Jennifer Bohnhoff is a former educator who writes historical fiction. Her World War I novel, A Blaze of Poppies, will be released in October 2021. 
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a Medic and a Poet

9/1/2021

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​During his fifty-year career, Robert Laurence Binyon  authored many poetry collections, plays, historical biographies, and art history books.  During World War I he served as an orderly in the Red Cross, working in a military hospital in France in 1915 and 1916. This experiences influenced his poetry. While this is not his most famous poem, this invokes a somber picture of what medics had to go through to retrieve the wounded. It is eerie and haunting. 

Fetching the Wounded

by Robert Laurence Binyon

At the road's end glimmer the station lights;
How small beneath the immense hollow of Night's
Lonely and living silence! Air that raced
And tingled on the eyelids as we faced
The long road stretched between the poplars flying
To the dark behind us, shuddering and sighing
With phantom foliage, lapses into hush.
Magical supersession! The loud rush
Swims into quiet: midnight reassumes
Its solitude; there's nothing but great glooms,
Blurred stars; whispering gusts; the hum of wires.
And swerving leftwards upon noiseless tires
We glide over the grass that smells of dew.
A wave of wonder bathes my body through!
For there in the headlamps' gloom--surrounded beam
Tall flowers spring before us, like a dream,
Each luminous little green leaf intimate
And motionless, distinct and delicate
With powdery white bloom fresh upon the stem,
As if that clear beam had created them
Out of the darkness. Never so intense
I felt the pang of beauty's innocence,
    Earthly and yet unearthly. A sudden call!
We leap to ground, and I forget it all.
Each hurries on his errand; lanterns swing;
Dark shapes cross and re--cross the rails; we bring
Stretchers, and pile and number them; and heap
The blankets ready. Then we wait and keep
A listening ear. Nothing comes yet; all's still.
Only soft gusts upon the wires blow shrill
Fitfully, with a gentle spot of rain.
Then, ere one knows it, the long gradual train
Creeps quietly in and slowly stops. No sound
But a few voices' interchange. Around
Is the immense night--stillness, the expanse
Of faint stars over all the wounds of France.

Now stale odour of blood mingles with keen
Pure smell of grass and dew. Now lantern--sheen
Falls on brown faces opening patient eyes
And lips of gentle answers, where each lies
Supine upon his stretcher, black of beard
Or with young cheeks; on caps and tunics smeared
And stained, white bandages round foot or head
Or arm, discoloured here and there with red.
Sons of all corners of wide France; from Lille,
Douay, the land beneath the invader's heel,
Champagne, Touraine, the fisher--villages
Of Brittany, the valleyed Pyrenees,
Blue coasts of the South, old Paris streets. Argonne
Of ever smouldering battle, that anon
Leaps furious, brothered them in arms. They fell
In the trenched forest scarred with reeking shell.
Now strange the sound comes round them in the night
Of English voices. By the wavering light
Quickly we have borne them, one by one, to the air,
And sweating in the dark lift up with care,
Tense--sinewed, each to his place. The cars at last
Complete their burden: slowly, and then fast
    We glide away. And the dim round of sky,
Infinite and silent, broods unseeingly
Over the shadowy uplands rolling black
Into far woods, and the long road we track
Bordered with apparitions, as we pass,
Of trembling poplars and lamp--whitened grass,
A brief procession flitting like a thought
Through a brain drowsing into slumber; nought
But we awake in the solitude immense!
But hurting the vague dumbness of my sense
Are fancies wandering the night: there steals
Into my heart, like something that one feels
In darkness, the still presence of far homes
Lost in deep country, and in little rooms
The vacant bed. I touch the world of pain
That is so silent. Then I see again
Only those infinitely patient faces
In the lantern beam, beneath the night's vast spaces,
Amid the shadows and the scented dew;
And those illumined flowers, springing anew
In freshness like a smile of secrecy
From the gloom--buried earth, return to me.
The village sleeps; blank walls, and windows barred.
But lights are moving in the hushed courtyard
As we glide up to the open door. The Chief
Gives every man his order, prompt and brief.
We carry up our wounded, one by one.
The first cock crows: the morrow is begun.

Jennifer Bohnhoff lives in the mountains of central New Mexico, where she writes historical fiction. Her next novel, A Blaze of Poppies, tells the story of two New Mexicans serving in World War I. 
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Break of day in the trenches

8/25/2021

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The darkness crumbles away.
It is the same old Druid Time as ever.
Only a live thing leaps my hand,
A queer sardonic rat,
As I pull the parapet’s poppy
To stick behind my ear.
Droll rat, they would shoot you if they knew
Your cosmopolitan sympathies.
Now you have touched this English hand
You will do the same to a German
Soon, no doubt, if it be your pleasure
To cross the sleeping green between.
It seems, odd thing, you grin as you pass
Strong eyes, fine limbs, haughty athletes,
Less chanced than you for life,
Bonds to the whims of murder,
Sprawled in the bowels of the earth,
The torn fields of France.
What do you see in our eyes
At the shrieking iron and flame
Hurled through still heavens?
What quaver—what heart aghast?
Poppies whose roots are in man’s veins
Drop, and are ever dropping,
But mine in my ear is safe –
Just a little white with the dust.
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Isaac Rosenberg
1890-1918

Image © The Imperial War Museum & The Isaac Rosenberg literary estate
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Treasures from the National World War I Museum

8/22/2021

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If you have never been to the National World War I Museum and have any interest at all in the Great War, you need to put this place on your bucket list. Located in Kansas City, this site looks like a war memorial on the outside. It has reflecting pools, somber statuary, and a tall tower. It is a quiet place that has the dignity and gravitas of a cemetery.
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The museum itself if located below the monument, and it is filled with wonderful, interactive exhibits and enough information and artifacts to make your head spin. When I went to this museum, way back in May 2015, I had no plans to write a novel about World War I. I can’t say that this visit is the sole reason I wrote Blaze of Poppies, but it certainly contributed to it. There were so many things to think about. Here are three that didn’t make it into the book, but I find very interesting
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This is an Imperial German Border sign. Made of painted cast iron, a series of these marked the border between Germany and France.

​Compare it to the shoulder of the uniform on the left edge of this picture, and you realize how large it is.

In August of 1914, an elite French strike force penetrated the border on the southern flank of the engagement and captured many of these.

It’s so much more beautiful than the signs I see along the highway marking borders these days.  
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This is a ML 9.45-inch Heavy Trench Mortar. It was about five feet long, weighed two hundred ninety-eight pounds, was shaped like a pig, which is why it was sometimes called the ‘Flying Pig.’ It was also called a ‘Sausage,’ a ‘Rum Jar’ and ‘Minnie.’” These mortars were used by French, Belgian, and U.S. troops and had a range of 490 yards, which means they were useful when enemy lines were close.

Kind of gives new meaning to the phrase "When pigs fly."


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But this was my favorite display of all. Someone, I know not who, sent this Austrian helmet home as a souvenir to someone who lived in Kansas City. He didn't package the helmet in a box. He just a tag with an address and stuck stamps directly to the helmet. 

When I was a kid and lived in Hawaii, we did pretty much the same thing with coconuts. We used a marker to write the address on the husks, stapled stamps to it, and off it went! 

People were always delighted to get a coconut in the mail. I'm willing to guess whoever got this helmet got a chuckle out of how it was sent. 

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Jennifer Bohnhoff' is a novelist who lives in the mountains of central New Mexico. Her novel A Blaze of Poppies tells the story of a young rancher willing to do anything, even go to war, to keep her ranch in the borderlands near the New Mexico- Mexico border during the WWI years. It will be published in October 2021. You can preorder a copy now. 

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A Poem to Lead Men Into Battle

8/18/2021

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When I first began plotting out a novel set in World War I, it was tentatively entitled Agnes Goes to War. Then I came across this poem, and it moved me enough that I retitled the novel The Destined Will, used this poem as a preface, and named my lead male character Will. Two different critique partners suggested that the title wasn't inspiring and that readers wouldn't bother with a poem so long at the beginning of a novel, so I dropped both, and the novel became A Blaze of Poppies. 
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Julian Grenfell's parents were members of the Victorian high-society group called “the souls.” He attended Oxford's Eton and Balliol Colleges where he was known as a superb athlete and sportsman. He excelled at boxing and steeplechase, but most loved to take his greyhound hunting. Like many aristocrats of his time, he sketched and wrote poetry.

Grenfell joined the Royal Dragoons in 1910. He served in India and, after the outbreak of World War I, transferred to France, where he received a Distinguished Service Order and refused a staff position in order to continue fighting.

On May 13, 1915 during the Battle of Ypres, Grenfell volunteered to run messages during a heavy bombardment. He was seriously wounded when a shell splinter struck his head, and died in a Boulogne military hospital thirteen days later. 'Into Battle' was published alongside his obituary in The Times.


Into Battle

by Julian Grenfell

The naked earth is warm with Spring,
And with green grass and bursting trees
Leans to the sun's gaze glorying,
And quivers in the sunny breeze;

And life is Colour and Warmth and Light,
And a striving evermore for these;
And he is dead who will not fight,
And who dies fighting has increase.

The fighting man shall from the sun
Take warmth, and life from glowing earth;
Speed with the light-foot winds to run
And with the trees to newer birth;
And find, when fighting shall be done,
Great rest, and fulness after dearth.

All the bright company of Heaven
Hold him in their bright comradeship,
The Dog star, and the Sisters Seven,
Orion's belt and sworded hip:

The woodland trees that stand together,
They stand to him each one a friend;
They gently speak in the windy weather;
They guide to valley and ridges end.

The kestrel hovering by day,
And the little owls that call by night,
Bid him be swift and keen as they,
As keen of ear, as swift of sight.

The blackbird sings to him: "Brother, brother,
If this be the last song you shall sing,
Sing well, for you may not sing another;
Brother, sing."

In dreary doubtful waiting hours,
Before the brazen frenzy starts,
The horses show him nobler powers; --
O patient eyes, courageous hearts!

And when the burning moment breaks,
And all things else are out of mind,
And only joy of battle takes
Him by the throat and makes him blind,
Through joy and blindness he shall know,
Not caring much to know, that still
Nor lead nor steel shall reach him, so
That it be not the Destined Will.

The thundering line of battle stands,
And in the air Death moans and sings;
But Day shall clasp him with strong hands,
And Night shall fold him in soft wings.

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A Blaze of Poppies is a novel set on a ranch in southwest New Mexico and in France during World War I. You can read more about Jennifer Bohnhoff, its author, here. 

Preorder A Blaze of Poppies here
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The Symbolism of Poppies

8/15/2021

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PictureFallaner, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons
Although poppies are the birthday flower for those born in August, they are most frequently associated with World War I and remembering the soldiers who died during that war. The use of poppies as symbols of death is far older than the early twentieth century. It stretches far back, into ancient times.

The ancient Greeks connected poppies with sleep because of the sedative nature of its sap. After her daughter Persephone was abducted by Hades, the gods gave Demeter, the goddess of harvest, a poppy to help her sleep. Afterwards, poppies sprang from Demeter’s footsteps. She transformed her mortal lover, Mecon, into a poppy.


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Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams, is frequently represented with poppies. The drug morphine, which is derived from poppies, got its name from Morpheus. Nyx, the god of night, is also associated with poppies. Hypnos, the god of sleep, and his twin brother Thanatos, the god of death, wore crowns of poppies. 

Death and sleep have been intertwined concepts for a long time. In the Bible, Daniel 12:2 describes the dead as "those who sleep in the dust of the earth.” Shakespeare has Hamlet compare sleep to death (line 72). 


Victorians decorated tombstones with poppies representing eternal sleep.
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The association between poppies and sleep continues today. In The Wizard of Oz, Dorothy, Toto and two of her companions fall asleep crossing a field of poppies. In the movie version, the Witch of the West casts a spell over a poppy field. The book, however, explains that the field itself has the power to make cause sleep: 
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“They now came upon more and more of the big scarlet poppies, and fewer and fewer of the other flowers; and soon they found themselves in the midst of a great meadow of poppies.  Now it is well known that when there are many of these flowers together their odor is so powerful that anyone who breathes it falls asleep, and if the sleeper is not carried away from the scent of the flowers he sleeps on and on forever.  But Dorothy did not know this, nor could she get away from the bright red flowers that were everywhere about; so presently her eyes grew heavy and she felt she must sit down to rest and to sleep.” –L. Frank Baum, The Wizard of Oz

Poppies became associated with World War I because of a poem written by a Canadian doctor who was stationed in Belgium during the war. Lieutenant Colonel John McRae wrote In Flanders Fields, which talks about the poppies growing among the new grave markers, on May 3, 1915 after officiating at the funeral of his friend and brother in arms, Alexis Helmer. His poem was published in Punch Magazine and became an instant sensation.
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Moina Michael, an American working at the YMCA Overseas War Secretaries Office in New York, read the poem and was so moved that she vowed to wear a poppy on her lapel to honor the men who had died in war. She bought silk poppies for her colleagues, then lobbied to have the poppy adopted as a symbol of national remembrance.

At the same time, a French woman Anna Guérin was also promoting silk poppies.  The director of the “American and French Children’s League,” Ms.
Guérin adopted the poppy as the charity’s emblem. The charity provided war veterans, women, and children with fabric to make artificial poppies, which were then sold to help fund the rebuilding of war-torn regions of France and to assist orphaned children. In Britain, a similar campaign raised money to help Veterans in find employment and housing.

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The poppies that grew in the fields of Flanders were blood red. The poppies that grow in Southern New Mexico, when my novel A Blaze of Poppies begins and ends, are the bright yellow Mexican poppy. Southern New Mexico is part of the Chihuahuan Desert, the largest desert in North America. It receives between six and sixteen inches of rain a year. When the spring rains come, parts of the dry, brown desert explode into fields of brilliant yellow poppies. If red poppies remind man of sleep, death, and remembering the dead, the bright Mexican poppies must surely symbolize the renewal of life in all its brilliance and hope.
Agnes Day, the main character in A Blaze of Poppies begins her story on a ranch in the dry New Mexican desert. It leads her to the field hospitals of France, where she witnesses the death and destruction of war first hand. But it is poppies that blaze the trail back to her beloved ranch.


​Jennifer Bohnhoff is a former history teacher who lives in the mountains of central New Mexico. Her novel A Blaze of Poppies is due out in October, 2021 and is currently available for preorder. 
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A Poem for a Horse

8/11/2021

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​A Soldier’s Kiss

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'Goodbye, Old Man,' by Fortunino Matania
Only a dying horse! pull off the gear,
And slip the needless bit from frothing jaws,
Drag it aside there, leaving the road way clear,
The battery thunders on with scarce a pause.

Prone by the shell-swept highway there it lies
With quivering limbs, as fast the life-tide fails,
Dark films are closing o'er the faithful eyes
That mutely plead for aid where none avails.

Onward the battery rolls, but one there speeds
Heedlessly of comrades voice or bursting shell,
Back to the wounded friend who lonely bleeds
Beside the stony highway where he fell.

Only a dying horse! he swiftly kneels,
Lifts the limp head and hears the shivering sigh
Kisses his friend, while down his cheek there steals
Sweet pity's tear, "Goodbye old man, Goodbye".

No honours wait him, medal, badge or star,
Though scarce could war a kindlier deed unfold;
He bears within his breast, more precious far
Beyond the gift of kings, a heart of gold.

by Henry Chappell

Known as the Railway Porter Poet because he worked at Bath Railway Station, Henry Chappell (1874 - 1937) is most known for a WWI poem entitled "The Day."  A collection of his poems is available as a free download here. 

Fortunio Matania (1881–1963) was an Italian artist noted for his realistic portrayal of World War I trench warfare and other historical scenes.

Jennifer Bohnhoff is a writer who lives in the mountains of central New Mexico. Her historical novel about World War I, A Blaze of Poppies, will be released this fall and is available for preorder. 
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DULCE ET DECORUM EST

8/4/2021

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Gassed, by John Singer Sergeant
Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs,
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots,
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of gas-shells dropping softly behind.

Gas! GAS! Quick, boys!—An ecstasy of fumbling
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time,
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime.--
Dim through the misty panes and thick green light,
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.

In all my dreams before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.

If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,--
My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro patria mori.
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Wilfred Owen was a sensitive young man who considered joining the clergy. He volunteered to help the poor and sick in his parish until the tepid response of the Church of England to the sufferings of the underprivileged and dispossessed  disillusioned him. He then taught in France for two years, returning to England and joining the army after the war began. Owen's first few letters home to his mother in the early winter of 1916 indicate that he was enamored with the glamor and excitement of war, but in less than a month reality had taken hold and he had seen enough. The events depicted in "Dulce et Decorum Est" occurred on January 12, 1917. By then, he was ready to deny Horace's Latin admonition to the Romans that it was sweet and good to die for one's country.  Owen died on November 4, 1918, just days before the war ended. 

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The memorial in front of where Wilfred's old school, Birkenhead Institute, once stood. 88 of its students, including Wilfred, died in WWI.

Jennifer Bohnhoff's World War I novel, A Blaze of Poppies, will be published in October 2021. It can be preordered here. 
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In Flanders Fields

7/28/2021

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​In Flanders Fields ​

In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place, and in the sky,
The larks, still bravely singing, fly,
Scarce heard amid the guns below.

We are the dead; short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.

Take up our quarrel with the foe!
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high!
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.
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​The author of perhaps the most recognized poem of World War I was not an English schoolboy with romantic ideas about going off to war. Lt. Col. John McCrae was a Canadian surgeon. He had previously served in the Boer War in South Africa and knew the horrors of war first hand.

McCrae served in a field hospital that sat close by the Yser Canal in Ypres, Belgium.
On May 2, 1915, McCrae had to officiate at the battlefield funeral of Lt. Alexis Helmer a 22-year-old close friend. from Ottawa who seved with the Canadian First Artillery. Helmer been blown to bits by an eight-inch German shell launched from the other side of the canal. 

The next day, McCrae penned his famous 
poem while sitting on the back bumper of an ambulance that overlooked the make-shift cemetery. He was inspired by the poppies that grew among the wooded crosses.

​McCrae did not live to see the end of the war. He died of pneumonia in 1916. 


Jennifer Bohnhoff's novel about World War I will be published in October 2021. You can preorder A Blaze of Poppies here. To learn more about John McCrae, click here. 
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    ABout Jennifer Bohnhoff

    I am a former middle school teacher who loves travel and history, so it should come as no surprise that many of my books are middle grade historical novels set in beautiful or interesting places.  But not all of them.  I hope there's one title here that will speak to you personally and deeply.

    What I love most: that "ah hah" moment when a reader suddenly understands the connections between himself, the past, and the world around him.  Those moments are rarified, mountain-top experiences.



    Can't get enough of Jennifer Bohnhoff's blogs?  She's also on Mad About MG History.  

    ​
    Looking for more books for middle grade readers? Greg Pattridge hosts MMGM, where you can find loads of recommendations.

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